BOLIVAR, Simon.

Simón Bolívar Signed Military Appointment.

RARE MILITARY APPOINTMENT SIGNED BY 'EL LIBERTADOR', SIMÓN BOLÍVAR AS PRESIDENT OF GRAN COLOMBIA

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Rare military appointment signed by ‘El Libertador’, Simón Bolívar as President of Gran Colombia. One page, quarto, wax seal mostly intact, partially printed on Bolivar's presidential letterhead, the document is dated May 21, 1822 and appoints Miguel Arissmendi as Lieutenant-Colonel. Signed by Bolívar and countersigned by General Bartolome Salom on verso. The final battle in the war of independence, Bolívar's decisive victory at Carabobo on June 24, 1821 finally secured Venezuela's national independence after years of war against Spain and established the Republic of Gran Colombia. On May 23, 1822, a nighttime assault by South American rebel forces was led by General Antonio José de Sucre against the Spanish royalists on the slopes of the volcano Cerro Pichincha near Quito. The following day, victory allowed the rebels to occupy Quito, and Simón Bolívar was declared the liberator of Ecuador, which then became part of the short-lived Republic of Gran Colombia. In very good condition with pinholes along left margin and folds. Accompanied with a portrait of Bolivar. The entire piece measures 8.5 by 12.25 inches.

Venezuelan military and political leader Simón Bolívar, also known as 'El Libertador', led what are currently the countries of Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Panama to independence from the Spanish Empire in the campaign for the independence of New Granada, which began in 1808 and was consolidated with the victory at the Battle of Boyacá on 7 August 1819. Despite a number of hindrances, including the arrival of an unprecedentedly large Spanish expeditionary force, the revolutionaries eventually prevailed, culminating in the victory at the Battle of Carabobo in 1821, which effectively made Venezuela an independent country. Following this triumph over the Spanish monarchy, Bolívar participated in the foundation of the first union of independent nations in Latin America, Gran Colombia, of which he was president from 1819 to 1830. Through further military campaigns, he ousted Spanish rulers from Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia, the last of which was named after him. He was simultaneously president of Gran Colombia (present-day Venezuela, Colombia, Panama and Ecuador), Peru, and Bolivia, but soon after, his second-in-command, Antonio José de Sucre, was appointed president of Bolivia. Bolívar aimed at a strong and united Spanish America able to cope not only with the threats emanating from Spain and the European Holy Alliance but also with the emerging power of the United States. At the peak of his power, Bolívar ruled over a vast territory from the Argentine border to the Caribbean Sea.